A Method Estimating the Integral Mean Value of Enhancement Factor and the Path Latitude for the Whistlers Below Magnetic Latitude 10°
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摘要: 本文采用国际地磁参考场(1980IGRF,n=8)磁力线经验公式和三层模式电离层,结合哨声波沿磁力线传播所需电子浓度的横向梯度,给出了磁纬10°以下哨声路径纬度和所需抬升因子积分中值的估算方法;从而得出:(1)哨声色散值D不仅与电离层NmF2正相关,而且与hmF2也有明显相关性.当路径纬度ф90≤10.5°(IGRF,n=8,下同)时,D与hmF2负相关;>12时,正相关;在10.5°—12°之间时,正或负相关取决于路径顶点高度与hm之差值.估算表明,三亚(磁纬7.04°N)收到的哨声中路径纬度ф90≤10.5。的占94.5%,D与hmF2负相关,这与观测结果一致.(2)所需抬升因子积分中值一般在7—31%之间.Abstract: The propagation of whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere is assumed to be the ducted propagation. In other words, the waves will be presumed as travelling along magnetic field lines. An analytic solution of the whistler dispersion equation is obtained in terms of the electron density models of the ionosphere the transverse gradient of the electron density required for guiding of whistler-mode waves along a magnetic field line, and an empirical formula for the magnetic field lines of 1980's IGRF (n = 8). In this paper, the electron density enhancement factor is defined as Nc/Ng-l (the Nc is the electron density at the centre of duct; the Ng is the background electron density at the latitude that is what the centre of duct lies). Thus, the integral mean value of the enhancement factor required and the path latitude (i.e. the exit point latitude of whistlers) can be analytically determined by a set of observed values: NmF2 and hmF2 of the ionosphere, and D (whistler dispersion). Using the data of D, NmF2 and hmF2 in Hainan Island of China, The above evaluation and come to the following conclusions are made. (1) The integral mean value of the enhancement factor required for ducting of low-latitude whistlers ranges from 7% to 31%. (2) The whistler dispersion Dhas a positive correlation with NmF2; and a negative correlation with hmF2 when the parth latitude φ90≤10.5° (IGRF, n = 8). Conversely, if (φ90>12° (IGRF, n=8) Dhas a positive correlation with hmF2. It is found that 94.5% of the whistlers observed at Sanya (18.24°N, 109.5°E; geomag. lat. 7.04°N; IGRF, n = 8, lat. 9.64°N) of Hainan Island have their path latitudes φ90<10.5°. Therefore, Dshould have a negative correlation with hmF2, which is agreeable to observations.
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