Abstract: In order to ensure that the scientific experiment system of high temperature material science experiment cabinet can successfully carry out space material science experiments, the temperature stability of high temperature material science experiments in space is required to be less than ± 0.25 ℃. In the face of such high temperature stability, a new solution is proposed: on the basis of experimental input and output data, a model equivalent to the high temperature furnace is determined to provide a basis for obtaining control parameters that meet the experimental requirements. In this paper, the interior of the high temperature furnace is regarded as a black box model. Based on XGBoost method, temperature zone 2 and temperature zone 3 of the high temperature furnace for Two types of sample experiments are modeled respectively, and the accuracy of the models can reach above 99.98%. Compared with the traditional modeling methods of transfer function and state space method, the model accuracy is still improved by 0.039 under the best performance of traditional methods, which provides important support for accurate control of high-temperature furnace temperature.