Abstract: As an important resource of the moon, research on the comprehensive utilization technology of lunar water ice is the cornerstone for the construction and operation of the lunar scientific research station and lunar base. Based on international exploration and research on lunar polar water ice, the occurrence and distribution characteristics of lunar water ice are described, along with the technical schemes, advantages, and disadvantages of mining, extraction, separation, purification, storage, and utilization of it. Given the future lunar scientific research station construction plan of China and the Artemis program of the US, appropriate regions, and technological schemes for comprehensive utilization of lunar water ice resources were identified, providing a critical reference for China's lunar polar water ice exploitation and utilization programs.