Abstract: The physical model of the thermosphere and the empirical and semi-empirical model of the thermosphere are analyzed. The basic theory and code analysis of the empirical thermosphere model are used to clarify the model construction methods. Based on the current situation of atmospheric modeling in China, the difficulties are analyzed and development suggestions are given. Based on the GOST model, the prediction performance of atmospheric model in geomagnetic disturbed period was analyzed, and the construction of atmospheric model in geomagnetic storm period was studied. The disturbed atmospheric model (DAM) was constructed based on the measured density data, and its validity was verified. It is found that the mean relative errors of GOST, MSIS00 and DAM models are 64.32%, -176.72% and -14.83%, respectively, within the range of geomagnetic index Ap 100-132. Ap 80-132, the relative error mean of each model is 77.44%, -136.74%, -14.14% respectively, DAM model is significantly improved compared with GOST and MSIS00.