风云气象卫星微波大气探测回顾与展望

何杰颖; 张升伟; 王振占; 张瑜

doi:10.11728/cjss2023.06.yg16

风云气象卫星微波大气探测回顾与展望

doi: 10.11728/cjss2023.06.yg16 cstr: 32142.14.cjss2023.06.yg16

何杰颖^{1, 2,},
张升伟¹,
王振占¹,
张瑜¹

1.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心微波遥感技术重点实验室　北京　100190
2.
中国科学院大学　北京　100049

基金项目: 中国科学院青年交叉团队项目资助 (JCTD-2021-10)

详细信息

作者简介:

何杰颖：E-mail：hejieying@mirslab.cn

中图分类号: P412
计量
- 文章访问数: 1050
- HTML全文浏览量: 947
- PDF下载量: 103
- 被引次数:
  0(来源:Crossref)
  
  0(来源:其他)
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-21
- 修回日期: 2023-12-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-18

Prospects for Microwave Atmospheric Sounding of the New Generation of Fengyun Meteorological Satellites

1.
Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

摘要

摘要: 基于风云三号（FY-3）三个批次极轨气象卫星微波湿度计的研制历程，取得的技术突破与研制进展，涵盖关键技术实现以及关键技术指标的设计与测试评估，微波湿度计在数值天气预报、台风暴雨等灾害性天气预报与监测等方面的科学应用，阐述了星载被动微波大气探测技术的提升。分析微波大气探测的研究现状与发展趋势，重点展望了极轨气象卫星微波大气探测在气象参数探测能力、探测精度、时空分辨率、应用效能等方面的潜力。对标世界气象组织（WMO）2040年愿景规划，针对中国风云五号新一代极轨气象卫星，提出了具有跨代表征的高性能新体制微波大气综合探测系统——高光谱微波大气探测仪，简要陈述了在轨定量化提升的技术途径与应用前景，为风云五号气象卫星微波大气探测载荷研制奠定基础。
- 风云三号 /
- 微波湿度计 /
- 风云五号 /
- 高光谱 /
- 微波大气探测
Abstract: The development history of microwave humidity sounder for three batches of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites of Fengyun-3 (FY-3) and the technological breakthroughs and development progress made are introduced, covering the realization of key technologies and the design of key technological indexes and testing and evaluation, as well as the scientific applications in numerical weather prediction, typhoon and rainstorm and other catastrophic weather prediction and monitoring, etc., and the upgrading of the technology of satellite-mounted passive microwave atmospheric sounding is elaborated. Based on the current status and development trend of microwave atmospheric detection research at home and abroad, it focuses on the potential of microwave atmospheric detection by polar-orbiting meteorological satellites in terms of meteorological parameter detection capability, detection accuracy, temporal and spatial resolution, and application effectiveness. In view of the 2040 vision plan of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the new generation of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites of Fengyun-5 of China, a new high-performance microwave atmospheric integrated detection system with trans-representative signatures – hyperspectral microwave atmospheric detector – is proposed, and the technical way of on-orbit quantitative enhancement and the application prospect are briefly described. It also briefly describes the technical way and application prospect of quantitative enhancement in orbit, laying a foundation for the development of microwave atmospheric detection payload for Fengyun-5 meteorological satellite.
- Fengyun-3 /
- Microwave humidity sounder /
- Fengyun-5 /
- Fine spectrum /
- Microwave atmospheric sounding

HTML全文

图 1 FY-3A/B星微波湿度计

Figure 1. FY-3A/B MWHS

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 FY-3C/D星微波湿度计

Figure 2. FY-3C/D MWHS

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 代际间微波湿度计灵敏度对比

Figure 3. Sensitivity comparison of MWHS between different generations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 单点反演结果与ECMWF再分析数据对比

Figure 4. Comparison between single point retrieval results and ECMWF reanalysis data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 2016年9月24日 12:18 UTC－14:10 UTC FY-3C微波湿度计观测到台风时的降水检测数据（a），TMPA/3 B42降水数据（c）和FY-3C/MWHS-II降水反演数据（b）（d）

Figure 5. FY-3C MWHS observed the precipitation detection data when typhoon occurred (a), TMPA/3 B42 precipitation data (c) and FY-3C/MWHS-II precipitation retrieval data (b)(d) on 24 Sept. 2016 from 12:18 UTC to 14:10 UTC

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 微波湿度计在热带气旋同化试验中的作用

Figure 6. Role of MWHS in tropical cyclone assimilation experiment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 50～60 GHz权重函数分布。（a）微波模拟通道，（b）微波高光谱

Figure 7. 50～60 GHz weight function distribution. (a) Microwave analog channel, (b) microwave hyperspectral

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 微波湿度计设计性能指标

Table 1. Design performance index of MWHS

通道	中心频率/GHz	极化	带宽/MHz	3 dB波束宽度/（^o）	03批额定指标/K		实测值/K
					03批额定指标/K		02批		03批
					灵敏度	定标精度	灵敏度	定标精度	灵敏度	定标精度
1	89.0	V	1500	2.0±0.2	≤0.4	≤1.0/0.8	0.23	0.51	0.14	0.23
2	118.75±0.08	H	20	2.0±0.2	≤2.2	≤2.4/2.2	1.60	1.65	0.92	1.24
3	118.75±0.2	H	100	2.0±0.2	≤1.0	≤1.2/1.0	0.64	0.71	0.46	0.65
4	118.75±0.3	H	165	2.0±0.2	≤0.8	≤1.2/1.0	0.51	0.74	0.35	0.51
5	118.75±0.8	H	200	2.0±0.2	≤0.8	≤1.2/1.0	0.50	0.59	0.32	0.48
6	118.75±1.1	H	200	2.0±0.2	≤0.8	≤1.0/0.8	0.50	0.59	0.30	0.46
7	118.75±2.5	H	200	2.0±0.2	≤0.8	≤1.0/0.8	0.46	0.53	0.28	0.44
8	118.75±3.0	H	1000	2.0±0.2	≤0.5	≤1.0/0.8	0.23	0.38	0.16	0.31
9	118.75±5.0	H	2000	2.0±0.2	≤0.5	≤1.0/0.8	0.18	0.32	0.14	0.30
10	166.0	V	1500	1.1±0.11	≤0.4	≤1.0/0.8	0.30	0.43	0.22	0.33
11	183.31±1	H	500	1.1±0.11	≤0.6	≤1.0/0.8	0.46	0.51	0.26	0.42
12	183.31±1.8	H	700	1.1±0.11	≤0.6	≤1.0/0.8	0.35	0.41	0.21	0.36
13	183.31±3	H	1000	1.1±0.11	≤0.5	≤1.0/0.8	0.28	0.35	0.19	0.35
14	183.31±4.5	H	2000	1.1±0.11	≤0.5	≤1.0/0.8	0.27	0.57	0.18	0.34
15	183.31±7	H	2000	1.1±0.11	≤0.5	≤1.0/0.8	0.21	0.46	0.18	0.34

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(27)

[1]	胡皓, 翁富忠. 卫星微波大气遥感温湿廓线及应用进展[J]. 气象科技进展, 2021, 11(3): 40-47 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2021.03.006 HU Hao, WENG Fuzhong. Progress in satellite microwave remote sensing of atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles and their applications[J]. Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology, 2021, 11(3): 40-47 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2021.03.006
[2]	卢乃锰, 谷松岩. 气象卫星发展回顾与展望[J]. 遥感学报, 2016, 20(5): 832-841 LU Naimeng, GU Songyan. Review and prospect on the development of meteorological satellites[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2016, 20(5): 832-841
[3]	张升伟, 李靖, 姜景山, 等. 风云3号卫星微波湿度计的系统设计与研制[J]. 遥感学报, 2008, 12(2): 199-207 ZHANG Shengwei, LI Jing, JIANG Jingshan, et al. Design and development of microwave humidity sounder for FY-3 meteorological satellite[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008, 12(2): 199-207
[4]	张升伟, 王振占, 孙茂华, 等. 风云三号卫星先进微波大气探测仪系统设计与研制[J]. 中国工程科学, 2013, 15(7): 81-87 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.07.012 ZHANG Shengwei, WANG Zhenzhan, SUN Maohua, et al. The design and development of advanced microwave atmospheric counder onboard FY-3 satellite[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2013, 15(7): 81-87 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.07.012
[5]	张升伟, 李靖. “风云三号”卫星微波湿度计[J]. 高科技与产业化, 2013(11): 79-80 ZHANG Shengwei, LI Jing. “FY-3” satellite MWHS[J]. High-Technology & Commercialization, 2013(11): 79-80
[6]	张瑜, 张升伟, 王振占, 等. FY-3卫星大气湿度微波探测技术发展[J]. 上海航天, 2017, 34(4): 52-61 doi: 10.19328/j.cnki.1006-1630.2017.04.007 ZHANG Yu, ZHANG Shengwei, WANG Zhenzhan, et al. Technology development of atmospheric humidity sounding of FY-3 satellite[J]. Aerospace Shanghai, 2017, 34(4): 52-61 doi: 10.19328/j.cnki.1006-1630.2017.04.007
[7]	ZHANG S W, LI J, WANG Z Z, et al. Design of the second generation microwave humidity sounder (MWHS-II) for Chinese meteorological satellite FY-3[C]//Proceedings of 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Munich, Germany: IEEE, 2012: 4672-4675
[8]	CHEN K Y, ENGLISH S, BORMANN N, et al. Assessment of FY-3A and FY-3B MWHS observations[J]. Weather and Forecasting, 2015, 30(5): 1280-1290 doi: 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0025.1
[9]	LAWRENCE H, BORMANN N, LU Q, et al. An evaluation of FY-3C MWHS-2 at ECMWF[J]. EUMETSAT/ECMWF Fellowship Programme Research Report, 2015, 37
[10]	咸迪. 风云三号E星——黎明星[J]. 卫星应用, 2022(1): 70 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-9030.2022.01.018 XIAN Di. FY-3E—dawn satellite[J]. Satellite Application, 2022(1): 70 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-9030.2022.01.018
[11]	张鹏飞, 杨丽, 付毅飞. 风云三号F星发射成功[N]. 科技日报, 2023-08-04(001). DOI: 10.28502/n.cnki.nkjrb.2023.004428 ZHANG Pengfei, YANG Li, FU Yifei. The Fengyun-3 satellite was successfully launched[N]. Science and Technology Daily, 2023-08-04(001). DOI: 10.28502/n.cnki.nkjrb.2023.004428
[12]	LAWRENCE H, BORMANN N, LU Q F, et al. An Evaluation of FY-3C MWHS-2 at ECMWF[R]. Shinfield Park, Reading: European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, 2015
[13]	HE Q R, WANG Z Z, HE J Y, et al. A comparison of the retrieval of atmospheric temperature profiles using observations of the 60 GHZ and 118.75 GHZ absorption lines[J]. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 2018, 24(2): 151-162
[14]	李娜, 张升伟, 何杰颖. 基于FY-3C MWHTS的台风降水反演算法研究[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2019, 34(5): 1091-1100 LI Na, ZHANG Shengwei, HE Jieying. Research on typhoon precipitation retrieval algorithm based on FY-3C MWHTS[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2019, 34(5): 1091-1100
[15]	HE J Y, CHEN H N. Atmospheric retrievals and assessment for microwave observations from Chinese FY-3C satellite during hurricane Matthew[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(8): 896 doi: 10.3390/rs11080896
[16]	EUMETSAT. Metop-SG MWS instrument status and calibration[OL]. https://www.eumetsat.int/metop-sg-mws-instrument-status-and-calibration
[17]	NINGHAI SUN. Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS)[OL]. https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/jpss/ATMS.php.2023
[18]	OSCAR. Satellite: Meteor-M N2-3[OJ]. https://space.oscar.wmo.int/satellites/view/meteor_m_n2_3
[19]	BLACKWELL W J, GALBRAITH C, HANCOCK T, et al. Design and analysis of a hyperspectral microwave receiver subsystem[C]//Proceedings of 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Munich, Germany: IEEE, 2012: 3435-3438
[20]	陈文新, 迟吉东, 李延明, 等. 风云三号气象卫星微波温度计(MWTS)[J]. 中国工程科学, 2013, 15(7): 88-91 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.07.013 CHEN Wenxin, CHI Jidong, LI Yanming, et al. Microwave temperature sounding (MWTS) for FY-3 meteorology satellite[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2013, 15(7): 88-91 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.07.013
[21]	李鹏飞, 董坚, 陈文新, 等. 风云三号微波温度计非线性分析方法研究[J]. 空间电子技术, 2021, 18(2): 55-59 LI Pengfei, DONG Jian, CHEN Wenxin, et al. Study on nonlinear analysis method of FY-3 microwave thermometer[J]. Space Electronic Technology, 2021, 18(2): 55-59
[22]	金旭, 迟吉东, 胡泰洋, 等. 风云三号D星微波温度计条带噪声抑制研究[J]. 红外, 2019, 40(12): 28-37 JIN Xu, CHI Jidong, HU Taiyang, et al. Research on stripe noise suppression of microwave temperature sounder on FY-3D satellite[J]. Infrared, 2019, 40(12): 28-37
[23]	ZHANG P, HU X Q, LU Q F, et al. FY-3E: the first operational meteorological satellite mission in an early morning orbit[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2022, 39(1): 1-8 doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1304-7
[24]	王振占, 张升伟, 李靖, 等. FY-3B卫星微波湿度计热真空定标方法和结果分析[J]. 中国工程科学, 2013, 15(10): 33-46 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.10.005 WANG Zhenzhan, ZHANG Shengwei, LI Jing, et al. Thermal/vacuum calibration of microwave humidity sounder on FY-3B satellite[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2013, 15(10): 33-46 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2013.10.005
[25]	谷松岩, 王振占, 卢乃锰, 等. 风云三号微波湿度计航空校飞辐射定标原理及数据分析[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2019, 34(6): 1205-1211 GU Songyan, WANG Zhenzhan, LU Naimeng, et al. The principle and data analysis of radiometric calibration for Aeria-test of FY-3/MWHS[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2019, 34(6): 1205-1211
[26]	李靖, 姜景山. 微波辐射计定标[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 1999, 14(1): 1-4 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0323.1999.01.001 LI Jing, JIANG Jingshan. Calibration of microwave radiometer[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 1999, 14(1): 1-4 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0323.1999.01.001
[27]	JU Y L, HE J Y, MA G, et al. Impact of the detection channels added by Fengyun satellite MWHS-II at 183 GHz on global numerical weather prediction[J]. Remote Sensing, 2023, 15(17): 4279 doi: 10.3390/rs15174279