Chang'e-7 mission will be conduct by China to comprehensively explore the terrain, landforms, material composition, and space environment of the moon. The Chang'e-7 mission will land at the South Pole of the Moon and conduct exploration of the polar environment and resources. The lunar surface dust detector is an important component of the comprehensive exploration and research of the lunar South Pole lunar surface environment. This article focuses on introducing the system composition of the lunar dust detector, elaborating on the testing and calibration methods of system indicators, and analyzing the results of ground calibration tests. The test results show that it meets the design requirements.