Analysis of the Observational Characteristics of the Quasi-zero Wind Layer in the Near Space over China
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摘要: 准零风层(Quasi-zero Wind Layer)是指平流层下部风速较小的东西风转换层,是临近空间(20~100 km)开发利用的重要参考依据,也是当前临近空间飞行器浮空运行的研究热点。基于2010-2019年中国多个站点L波段探空资料,将中国分为5个区域(15°N-20°N,20°N-25°N,25°N-30°N,30°N-40°N,40°N-50°N),分析各区域准零风层的结构特点及其随纬度、季节的变化规律。根据实测风场分析发现平流层下部存在单层/双层准零风层,各区域的南北分布差异大致以25°N为界:单层准零风层主要出现在25°N以北的夏季;双层准零风层主要出现在25°N以南的10月至次年5月。单层/双层准零风层平均维持高度随纬度递增,且其厚度以双峰变化为主。此外,单层准零风层每月出现和维持天数均大于双层,30°N以北的单层准零风层在夏季的维持天数较其他区域长。Abstract: The Quasi-zero Wind Layer is a transition region with low zonal wind speed in the lower stratosphere, which is important reference for the development and utilization of the near space (20~100 km) and has been attracting worldwide interest. In this paper, the whole country (China) is divided into five regions (15°N-20°N, 20°N-25°N, 25°N-30°N, 30°N-40°N, and 40°N-50°N) based on the L-band radar soundings secondly data of stations from January 2010 to December 2019. The structural characteristics of the Quasi-zero Wind Layer in China and its variations with latitude and season are analyzed. The single/double Quasi-zero Wind Layer is defined according to the different observed wind fields from the data. Results show that the overall distribution of the single/double Quasi-zero Wind Layer in the five regions is generally different distinguished from the separating latitude of 25°N: The single Quasi-zero Wind Layer mainly appears in summer to the north of 25°N. The double Quasi-zero Wind Layer mainly appears to the south of 25°N from October to May of the next year. The average maintenance heights of the single/double Quasi-zero Wind Layer increase with the increasing latitude, and its thickness shows mainly bimodal variation. The occurrence and maintenance days of the single Quasi-zero Wind Layer are more than that of the double Quasi-zero Wind Layer , and the maintenance days in the north of 30°N are significantly prolonged.
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Key words:
- Near space /
- Quasi-zero wind layer /
- L-band radar sounding /
- Latitude variation /
- Monthly variation
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图 2 一次探空观测记录的风廓线 (黑色和蓝色实线表示纬向风和经向风,红点随高度递增依次表示准零风层的开始和结束高度)
Figure 2. Wind profile for one record of sounding observation (black and blue full line represent zonal wind and meridional wind, respectively. The red dots increasing with the height indicate the beginning and ending height of the Quasi-zero wind layer in turn)
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