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Recent Progress in Space Science and Applications of China’s Space Station in 2020–2022

GAO Ming ZHAO Guangheng GU Yidong

GAO Ming, ZHAO Guangheng, GU Yidong. Recent Progress in Space Science and Applications of China’s Space Station in 2020–2022. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2022, 42(4): 503-510 doi: 10.11728/cjss2022.04.yg29
Citation: GAO Ming, ZHAO Guangheng, GU Yidong. Recent Progress in Space Science and Applications of China’s Space Station in 2020–2022. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2022, 42(4): 503-510 doi: 10.11728/cjss2022.04.yg29

Recent Progress in Space Science and Applications of China’s Space Station in 2020–2022

doi: 10.11728/cjss2022.04.yg29
More Information
  • Figure  1.  Part of science experiment racks in Wentian and Mengtian are being tested on the ground

    Figure  2.  (a) Astronauts are conducting the test, (b) microgravity level of the suspension test

    Table  1.   Overview of experiment racks’ chief components and prime functions

    No.ClassificationNameMain componentsPrime functions
    1 Disciplinary
    racks
    Human System
    research Rack
    Medical sample microscopic observation and recording apparatus
    Medical sample preparation unit
    Weightlessness physiological effect research unit
    Cardiovascular research unit
    Space Raman spectrometer
    Basic cognitive ability measuring unit
    Motion characteristic measuring unit
    Supporting research on human physiological effects and human abilities in long-term space environment and experiments aiming at developing new protection technologies
    2 Medical Sample
    Analysis Rack
    Space centrifuge
    Space medical sample refrigerator
    Support samples centrifuged and refrigerated (4℃)
    3 Life and Ecology
    research Rack (LER)
    Common creature cultivation unit
    Small centrifuge experiment unit
    Microbe detection unit
    Small controlled life ecological
    experiment unit
    Small common creature cultivation unit
    Gravity biology and radiation biology research using biological individuals (plants, insects, small mammals, aquatic organisms, microorganisms, etc.), cells, tissues, microbes, etc.; Research on the foundation and application of biological regeneration life support system
    4 Biotechnology experiment
    Rack (BTR)
    Cell and tissue experiment unit
    Cell and tissue detection and
    regulation unit
    Crystallization and analysis of protein
    Microgravity cell and tissue cultivation, protein crystallization, biomolecule construction, biomechanical research and biotechnology transformation research
    5 Fluid Physics
    research Rack (FPR)
    Fluid dynamics unit
    Complex fluid unit
    Hydrodynamics research, experiments of various transparent systems (model alloy, protein crystallization, solution crystal growth, supercritical fluid); particle experiment, colloid and other complex fluid (soft matter) research
    6Disciplinary
    racks
    Two-Phase System
    research Rack (TPSR)
    Optical observation platform
    Gas management unit
    Small-flow liquid supply unit
    Large-flow liquid supply unit
    Evaporation and condensation phase changes with interface, phase changes enhanced by heat transfer, two-phase heat transfer and fluid management, two-phase loop system dynamics
    7 Combustion Science
    research Rack (CSR)
    Exhaust purification and collection subsystem
    Oxidant and diluent subsystem
    Combustion chamber and experimental plug-in
    Research on microgravity combustion process and dynamics of solid, liquid and gas, experiment of aerospace propulsion combustion, fire prevention experiment of manned mission materials
    8 High-Temperature Materials
    research Rack (HTMR)
    Batch sample management unit
    High-temperature furnace unit
    X-ray real-time observation unit
    Scientific experiments on crystal growth, solution growth and solidification of metal alloy, semiconductor, inorganic multifunctional materials encapsulated by ampoule structure
    9 Container-less Materials
    Processing Rack (CMPR)
    Container-free experimental platform
    Vacuum and pressure unit
    Solidification mechanism of metallic and nonmetallic material, deep supercooling research, accurate measurement of thermophysical property of high-temperature melt, preparation of new materials, etc.
    10 Cold Atom Physics
    research Rack (CAPR)
    Physical subsystem
    Rubidium potassium laser
    Optical trap laser
    Complementary magneto-optical
    plug laser
    Optical lattice laser
    Polarized molecular laser
    Quantum properties of the critical point at ultra-low temperature for large scale and long-life-time Bose and Fermi quantum degenerate gas
    11 High-Precision Time-Frequency
    System (HPTFS)
    Optical atomic clock
    Active hydrogen maser
    Cold atomic microwave clock
    Precision orbit determination unit
    Fundamental physics and applied research with the frequency stability and uncertainty of a few parts in 10–17
    12 Aerospace Basic
    Test Rack
    Payload installation unit Carry out experiments aiming at verifying the basic and key technologies of space in microgravity and other space environments
    13 Supporting
    racks
    Glovebox and Cold
    Storage Rack (GCSR)
    Scientific glove box
    Cryogenic storage apparatus
    The scientific glove box provides the enclosed and clean environment for the operation of life science and other scientific experiments, e.g. samples preparation.
    The cryogenic storage device provides preservation of biological or other samples at –80℃, –20℃ and 4℃
    14 Variable Gravity
    research Rack (VGR)
    Centrifuge Normal gravity, low gravity and supergravity experiments in the range of 0.01–2 g for the experiments of fluid, life and materials sciences
    15 High Microgravity Level research
    Rack (HMLR)
    Suspension test bench Support fundamental physical experiments and other scientific experiments that need high microgravity level
    16 On-orbit Maintenance and Manipulation
    Workbench (MMW)
    Mobile maintenance platform
    Diagnostic unit
    Preparation, cleaning, welding, lubrication, assembly, testing, fault diagnosis and maintenance of payload module or unit; on-orbit experiment of independent payloads
    17 Universal Payload
    Installation Rack
    Payload integrated management unit
    Thermal control unit
    Provides information and power supply interfaces, heat dissipation environments and nitrogen, vacuum, and exhaust gas interfaces for individual payload
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  2.   Prime functions of external facilities

    No.NamePrime functions
    1 Space biology exposure experiment device Research on the animal model (nematodes), plants and plant seeds, microbes, and biological tissues, etc. in the extravehicular cosmic radiation environment
    2 Extravehicular materials exposure experiment device Space damage and service performance study of applied materials (lubrication, thermal control, film coating, shape memory, functional coating, polymer, composite material, etc.); Study of tribology
    3 Universal extravehicular device for components Support on-orbit tests of components and subassembly, e.g. obtaining on-orbit operation parameters and reliability test data
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] China Manned Space Agency. Scientific Experiment Resource Manual of China’s Space Station[R]. Beijing: China Manned Space Agency, 2019
    [2] GAO Ming, ZHAO Guangju, GU Yidong. Space science and application mission in China’s space station[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015, 30(6): 721-732
    [3] GU Y D, GAO M, ZHAO G H. Space research plan of China’s Space Station[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2016, 36(5): 595-599
    [4] United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, China Manned Space Agency. Handbook-China Space Station and its Resources for International Cooperation[R]. Beijing: China Manned Space Agency, 2018
    [5] ZHAN Hu. Consideration for a large-scale multi-color imaging and slitless spectroscopy survey on the Chinese space station and its application in dark energy research[J]. SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica, 2011, 41(12): 1441-1447
    [6] ZHAN Hu. The wide-field multiband imaging and slitless spectroscopy survey to be carried out by the Survey Space Telescope of China manned space program[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2021, 66(11): 1290-1298 doi: 10.1360/TB-2021-0016
    [7] China Manned Space Agency. List of Selected Space Science Experiment Projects for the 1st Cycle Concerning UN/China Cooperation on the Utilization of China Space Station[EB/OL]. [2020-03-11]. http://www.cmse.gov.cn/art/2019/6/12/art_22_33158.html
    [8] GU Y D. The China Space Station: a new opportunity for space science[J]. National Science Review, 2022, 9(1): nwab219 doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwab219
    [9] ZHAO Weijie. Scientific aspirations of the Chinese Space Station program: an interview with Ming Gao[J]. National Science Review, 2021, 8(11): nwab161 doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwab161
    [10] GU Y D, GAO M, ZHAO G H. Science Research and Utilization Planning of China’s space station in operation period 2022-2032[J]. Journal of Space Science, 2020, 40(5): 609-614
    [11] HUANG X Y, LAMPERSTORFER A S, TSAI Y L S, et al. Perspective of monochromatic gamma-ray line detection with the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility onboard China’s space station[J]. Astroparticle Physics, 2016, 78: 35-42 doi: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2016.02.003
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-05-27
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-07-16

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