全球电离层峰值参数的季节变化
doi: 10.11728/cjss2024.01.2023-0130 cstr: 32142.14.cjss2024.01.2023-0130
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李波：男, 1986年12月出生于湖南省衡阳市. 现为国防科技大学气象海洋学院博士研究生, 主要研究方向为地球对流层大气与中高层大气相互作用. E-mail: libo_typhoon@aliyun.com
作者简介:
通讯作者:
Seasonal Variations of Global Ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2
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摘要: 针对全球电离层峰值参数的季节变化问题, 使用2006－2019年COSMIC掩星电离层月均值数据和小波分析方法分析了全球电离层NmF2和hmF2季节变化特征, 结果表明: 电离层NmF2和hmF2随地方时、季节、纬度存在显著差异, 电离层峰值参数均与太阳活动水平表现出正相关性, 月均值相关系数分别达到了0.9和0.8以上; 正午电离层NmF2在太阳活动高年期间存在显著年、半年等季节变化特征, 午夜基本以年变化为主, 且南半球电离层NmF2季节变化特征更为明显; 正午电离层hmF2所有年份均存在显著年变化特征, 午夜期间季节性变化特征不太明显, 且南半球电离层hmF2季节变化特征强于北半球; 电离层峰值参数的季节变化规律在太阳活动高年期间更为显著; 太阳活动指数和电离层峰值参数中似乎存在25～35个月的周期信号, 但未通过显著性检验, 综合分析研究认为电离层中的等离子体不会受到QBO现象影响.Abstract: The seasonal variations of global ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 have been analyzed by using the monthly COSMIC ionospheric data from 2006 to 2019 and wavelet analysis method. The results show that the ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 are significantly different with local time, season and latitude. The ionospheric peak parameters have positive correlation with the solar activity, and their correlation coefficients are above 0.9 and 0.8, respectively. The ionospheric NmF2 at noon exists significantly annual and semiannual variations, especially under the high solar activity conditions. However, the annual variation of ionospheric NmF2 has been mainly observed at nighttime. Meanwhile, the annual variation of ionospheric hmF2 at noon is significant in all years, but almost absent during midnight. Additionally, and the seasonal variations of ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 in the southern hemisphere are more obvious than that in the northern hemisphere. Additionally, the seasonal variations of ionospheric peak parameters are more significant during high solar activity years. Moreover, there seem to be periodic signals of 25～35 months in the solar activity index and ionospheric peak parameters, but their power spectrum are not greater than 95% significance level, and we thought that the ionosphere would be not affected by the QBO signal.
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Key words:
- Ionospheric NmF2 /
- Ionospheric hmF2 /
- Annual variation /
- Semiannual variation
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图 1 2006年第365天COSMIC掩星全球分布(a)和2006－2019年期间年均有效观测数据量变化趋势(b)
Figure 1. Global distribution of COSMIC data on the 365th day of 2006 (a) and yearlyeffective data number from 2006 to 2019 (b)
图 2 2006－2019年期间太阳F10.7指数和地磁Kp指数
Figure 2. Daily and 81-day average solar F10.7 index and geomagnetic Kp index during 2006－2019
图 3 2006－2019年正午(a)和午夜(b)期间电离层NmF2月均值随时间和纬度变化(空白处为数据探测缺失时段)
Figure 3. Monthly ionospheric NmF2 in noon (a) and midnight (b) during 2006－2019, and the blank is the missed measurements
图 4 2006－2019年正午(a)和午夜(b)期间电离层hmF2月均值随时间和纬度变化(空白处为数据探测缺失时段)
Figure 4. Monthly ionospheric hmF2 in noon (a) and midnight (b) during 2006－2019 (the blank is the missed measurements)
图 5 2006－2019年期间太阳F10.7指数和地磁Kp指数周期分析结果(黑线为通过95%置信检验的区域)
Figure 5. Periodic results of solar F10.7 and geomagnetic Kp during 2006－2019 (thick contour encloses regions of greater than 95% significance level)
图 6 2006－2019年期间正午时间南半球不同纬度和赤道区域电离层NmF2 和hmF2 周期特性(黑线为通过95%置信检验的区域)
Figure 6. Periodic results of the ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 in noontime at southern hemisphere and equator during 2006－2019 (Thick contour encloses regions of greater than 95% significance level)
图 7 2006－2019年期间正午时间北半球不同纬度区域电离层NmF2和hmF2 周期特性(黑线为通过95%置信检验的区域)
Figure 7. Periodic results of the ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 in noontime at northern hemisphere during 2006－2019 (Thick contour encloses regions of greater than 95% significance level)
图 8 2006－2019年期间午夜时间南半球不同纬度和赤道区域电离层NmF2 和 hmF2 周期特性 (黑线为通过95%置信检验的区域)
Figure 8. Periodic results of the ionospheric NmF2 and hmF2 in nighttime at southern hemisphere and equator during 2006－2019 (thick contour encloses regions of greater than 95% significance level)
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