附有集中质量的飞艇囊体材料动力特性
doi: 10.11728/cjss2024.02.2023-0008 cstr: 32142.14.cjss2024.02.2023-0008
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程靖淞：男, 1997年7月出生于山西省朔州市, 现为中国科学院空天信息创新研究院硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为平流层飞艇动力学特性、结构动力学仿真与分析等. E-mail: chengjingsong20@mails.ucas.ac.cn
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Dynamic Characteristics of Airship Envelope Material with Concentrated Mass
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摘要: 针对平流层飞艇刚柔一体大型复杂结构系统设计与分析, 开展了附有集中质量的飞艇囊体材料动力特性仿真分析研究, 将刚度大、质量相对集中的结构零部件简化为集中质量, 飞艇囊体简化为双向拉伸的十字形囊体材料试样, 分析预张力大小、集中质量的质量和尺寸对囊体材料试样的动力特性影响. 结果表明, 试样的固有频率随着预张力增大而增大, 随着集中质量的质量增大而减小, 随着集中质量与试样连接的边长增加而增大; 试样的基频与集中质量的高度无关, 但第2, 3阶频率随着集中质量的高度增加而减小. 研究结论为飞艇结构的总体设计与分析以及进一步开展附有集中质量的飞艇囊体材料动力试验提供了理论依据.Abstract: Aiming at the design and analysis of stratospheric airship rigid and flexible integrated large complex structure system, this paper carried out the simulation analysis of dynamic characteristics of airship envelope material with concentrated mass. The structural parts with high stiffness and relatively concentrated mass are simplified as concentrated mass. The airship envelope is simplified as a biaxially stretched cross envelope material sample. Firstly, the influences of the number of open arm slits on the stress transfer uniformity in the central region of the cross envelop material sample are analyzed. Then the influences of pretension, mass and concentrated mass of the size on the natural frequency of cross film material sample are analyzed. The influence of the mass and concentrated mass of the size on the natural frequency of the airship capsule is also reflected. The results show that the uniformity of stress transfer in the central region of the cross envelop material sample is better with the increase of the number of arm slits. When the number of arm slits is 3, the proportional coefficient of stress transfer uniformity is 0.943. In addition, the natural frequency of the sample increases with the pretension increase, decreases with the mass of the concentrated mass increase, and increases with the side length of the connection between the concentrated mass and the sample increase. The fundamental frequency of the sample is independent of the height of the concentrated mass, but the second and third order frequencies decrease with the height of the concentrated mass increase. The second and third order frequencies are significantly more affected by various physical quantities than the first order. Under the condition of the same pretension and mass, the influence of the height of the concentrated mass on the second and third order frequencies of the cross envelop sample is higher than that of the side length. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the overall design and analysis of airship structure and the further dynamic experiments of airship envelope materials with concentrated mass.
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图 1 三条均匀分布臂缝十字形囊体材料试样
Figure 1. Three evenly distributed arm slit cross envelop material sample
图 3 不同臂缝条数中心区域的等效应力云图
Figure 3. Equivalent stress nephogram of the central region with different number of arm slits
图 4 附有集中质量的十字形试样有限元模型
Figure 4. Finite element model of cross sample with concentrated mass
图 6 预张力大小对试样固有频率及其增量的影响
Figure 6. Effect of pretension on natural frequency and increment of sample
图 7 集中质量的质量对试样固有频率及其减小量的影响
Figure 7. Effect of mass on natural frequency and decrement of sample
图 8 集中质量的边长对试样固有频率及其增量的影响
Figure 8. Effect of side length on natural frequency and increment of sample
图 9 集中质量的高度对试样固有频率及其减小量的影响
Figure 9. Effect of height on natural frequency and decrement of sample
表 1 不同臂缝条数十字形试样的$q$值
Table 1. $q$ values of cross sample with different arm slits
臂缝条数 0 1 2 3 4 5 q 值 0.7772 0.8807 0.9225 0.9430 0.9558 0.9640 增幅/(%) — 13.3 4.7 2.2 1.4 0.9 
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