Standard Dataset for Automated Detection of Small-scale Swirls in the Solar Photosphere
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摘要: 位于宁静区的小尺度光球涡流通常被认为是米粒流自然形成的,并且它们可能在向太阳高层大气输送能量的过程中发挥关键作用。然而,通过人为识别获取到的小尺度涡流参数存在很大的局限性和误差,也可能会导致对小尺度涡流总数的低估。SST (Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope) 和 Hinode/SOT (Solar Optical Telescope) 望远镜对太阳光球层实现高分辨率、高质量的观测,给光球层小尺度涡流的研究提供了充足的数据支持。在国家重点研发计划“空间科学大数据智能管理与分析挖掘关键技术及应用”项目支持下,中国科学技术大学团队改进了太阳小尺度涡流机器识别及关键参数提取算法并形成了相应工具软件。本数据集包含2007年SOT望远镜观测的一块宁静区光球层区域(像元大小为39.2 km,时间间隔约为6.4 s),以及2012年SST望远镜观测的一块宁静区光球层区域(像元大小为43.6 km,时间间隔为8.25 s)。本数据集可在涡流相关特性在太阳不同区域、太阳活动周不同阶段的分布以及形成机制等研究发挥重要作用。Abstract: Small-scale photospheric swirls are widely believed to form as a natural consequence to granular flows, and they may play a key role in transporting energy to the solar upper atmosphere. However, there are significant limitations and biases associated with the manual detection of these small-scale swirls, which may lead to an underestimation of their total number. The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST) and Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) onboard Hinode spacecraft provide high-resolution and high-quality observations of the solar photosphere, offering abundant data support for the study of small-scale swirls. With the support of a project focused on identifying solar-terrestrial space weather events and modeling physical parameters, a team from the University of Science and Technology of China has developed a new software tool for the automated detection and extraction of key parameters of small-scale swirls in the solar photosphere based on datasets provided by the SST and SOT telescopes. This dataset includes observations from the SOT telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2007, with a pixel scale of 39.2 km and a time interval of approximately 6.4 s, as well as observations from the SST telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2012, with a pixel scale of 43.6 km and a time interval of 8.25 s. This dataset plays an important role in research on the distribution of photospheric swirls in different solar regions and at different phrases of the solar cycle, as well as their formation mechanisms.
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Key words:
- Solar photosphere /
- Small-scale swirls /
- Machine detection /
- SOT /
- SST
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