基于月球科研站的科研活动战略分析及其作业平台总体方案研究
doi: 10.11728/cjss2025.01.2024-0188 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2024-0188
-
裴照宇 (1966-), 研究员, 嫦娥八号任务总设计师, 曾任探月工程二期副总设计师、探月工程三期副总设计师, 长期从事月球与深空探测任务总体设计和工程管理. E-mail: peizhaoyu@cnsa.gov.cn
-
邹永廖 (1964-), 中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员、博士生导师, 主要从事月球与深空探测发展战略、行星科学和国家深空探测工程的研究、研制等工作. E-mail: zouyongliao@nssc.ac.cn
通讯作者:
Strategic Analysis of Scientific Activities and Study on the Overall Plan of Scientific Operation Platforms Based on the Lunar Research Station
-
摘要: 月球是地球的唯一天然卫星, 因其独特的空间位置、空间环境和物质资源, 一直是国际深空科学探测活动的主要目标天体和推动航天高新技术发展的理想试验场所. 构建月球科研站(基地)将是未来月球探测活动的主要趋势, 可为开展月球地质演化、宇宙早期历史与不同层级天体形成和演化、日地月系统耦合机制、物理与生物学效应、材料特性等多学科交叉的前沿科学研究提供独特的机遇. 同时, 探测活动也将由单一任务向多任务联合探测方式发展, 其科研作业形态也必将向多任务多目标智能化联合作业转变. 本文在梳理月球探测活动发展态势和中国倡导的国际月球科研站大科学工程科学目标需求分析基础上, 开展了基于月球科研站的科研作业平台概念性研究, 提出月球科研站科研作业平台的总体架构, 初步设计了6类科研作业平台的总体方案.Abstract: The Moon, the Earth’s only natural satellite, has always been the main target of international deep space exploration and an ideal test ground to promote the development of advancing aerospace technologies because of its unique space position, space environment, and material resources. The establishment of the lunar research station will be a primary objective of future lunar exploration, providing an unique observational opportunity for multidisciplinary frontier scientific research. These include studies of lunar geological evolution, the early history of the universe, celestial body formation across scales, coupling mechanisms of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, physical and biological effects, as well as unique properties of materials. This development marks a paradigm shift from single-mission exploration to integrated multi-mission frameworks, driving scientific activities towards intelligent, multi-task, and multi-objective systems. This paper reviews the development trends in lunar exploration and analyzes the scientific objectives and application requirements for the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) proposed by China. It outlines a conceptual framework for scientific operation platforms designed for lunar research, presenting an architecture composed of six specialized platforms: comprehensive geological research, multi-physical field measurement networks, astronomical survey systems, Sun-Earth-Moon coupling observation networks, fundamental science experiment modules, and lunar resource utilization platforms. These platforms are tailored to address diverse research requirements, ranging from detailed lunar surface surveys and geophysical measurements to large-scale astrophysical observations and advanced biophysical and material science experiments. To ensure effective operation, an intelligent management hub is proposed, serving as the command center for data processing, operational coordination, and real-time task optimization. This hub supports autonomous mission planning, integrated data analysis, and dynamic resource allocation, ensuring efficient collaboration between different platforms. By integrating these systems, the ILRS aims to provide a foundation for sustainable, long-term lunar exploration and multidisciplinary scientific breakthroughs. This study highlights the strategic significance of establishing the ILRS, which seeks to foster global collaboration, drive innovations in deep space exploration, and serve as an open, inclusive, and sustainable platform for addressing major scientific and technological challenges. The conceptual framework proposed herein aligns with the vision of advancing humanity’s understanding of the Moon and beyond, supporting the long-term development of lunar science and exploration.
-
图 1 国际月球科研站科研作业平台组成
Figure 1. Composition of the scientific operations platform of the ILRS
图 2 综合地质科研作业平台部分工作场景
Figure 2. Partial schematic diagram of the comprehensive geological scientific operation platform
图 3 多物理场测量网科研作业平台局部工作场景
Figure 3. Partial schematic diagram of the multi-physical field measurement networks scientific operation platform
图 4 巡天观测科研作业平台局部工作场景
Figure 4. Partial schematic diagram of the astronomical sky survey observation scientific operation platform
图 5 日地月多圈层观测科研作业平台工作场景与布设
Figure 5. Sun-Earth-Moon multi-layer observation scientific operation platform
图 6 基础科学实验模块工作模式
Figure 6. Operation model of the fundamental science experiment scientific operation platform
图 7 资源开发利用科研作业平台工作场景与布设
Figure 7. Lunar resource utilization scientific operation platform
图 8 科研作业平台智能运行管理中枢系统运行架构
Figure 8. Operational architecture of the intelligent management hub for scientific operation platforms
-
[1] 裴照宇, 刘继忠, 王倩, 等. 月球探测进展与国际月球科研站[J]. 科学通报, 2020, 65(24): 2577-2586 doi: 10.1360/TB-2020-0582PEI Zhaoyu, LIU Jizhong, WANG Qian, et al. Overview of lunar exploration and international lunar research station[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2020, 65(24): 2577-2586 doi: 10.1360/TB-2020-0582 [2] GARCIA R F, KHAN A, DRILLEAU M, et al. Lunar seismology: an update on interior structure models[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2019, 215(8): 50 doi: 10.1007/s11214-019-0613-y [3] BRIAUD A, FIENGA A, MELINI D, et al. Constraints on the lunar core viscosity from tidal deformation[J]. Icarus, 2023, 394: 115426 doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115426 [4] BRIAUD A, GANINO C, FIENGA A, et al. The lunar solid inner core and the mantle overturn[J]. Nature, 2023, 617(7962): 743-746 doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05935-7 [5] 王赤, 林杨挺, 裴照宇, 等. 月球科研站的关键科学问题[J]. 中国科学基金, 2022, 36(6): 830-840WANG Chi, LIN Yangting, PEI Zhaoyu, et al. Key scientific questions related to the lunar research station[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2022, 36(6): 830-840 [6] BIANCHI L, SHIAO B, THILKER D. Revised catalog of GALEX ultraviolet sources. I. The all-sky survey: GUVcat_AIS[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 2017, 230(2): 24 doi: 10.3847/1538-4365/aa7053 [7] GEHRELS N, CHINCARINI G, GIOMMI P, et al. The swift gamma-ray burst mission[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2004, 611(2): 1005-1020 doi: 10.1086/422091 [8] MASON K O, BREEVELD A, MUCH R, et al. The XMM-Newton optical/UV monitor telescope[J]. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2001, 365: L36-L44 doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20000044 [9] CAO Li, RUAN Ping, CAI Hongbo, et al. LUT: a lunar-based ultraviolet telescope[J]. Science China Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 2011, 54(3): 558-562 doi: 10.1007/s11433-011-4255-7 [10] SHUGAROV A S, WANG Huijuan, DONG Subo, et al. The concept of Lunar-based astrophysical telescope for international lunar research station[J]. Vestnik NPO imeni S. A. Lavochkina, 2022, 55(1): 3-9 [11] WANG Huijuan, SACHKOV M E, DONG Subo, et al. Science of the lunar-based UV-Optical-IR telescope for ILRS[C]//The Thirteenth Moscow Solar System Symposium (13M-S3). Moscow, Russia, 2022: 108 [12] CHEN Xuelei, GAO Feng, WU Fengquan, et al. Large-scale array for radio astronomy on the farside (LARAF)[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2024, 382(2271): 20230094 doi: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0094 [13] 史全岐, 张江, 乐超, 等. 地月空间粒子辐射环境及其对月表物质的影响研究进展[J]. 地球物理学报, 2023, 66(7): 2685-2702 doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0892SHI Quanqi, ZHANG Jiang, YUE Chao, et al. Review of particle radiation environment of the Earth-Moon space and its impact on Lunar surficial material generation[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2023, 66(7): 2685-2702 doi: 10.6038/cjg2022Q0892 [14] 吴伟仁, 于登云. 深空探测发展与未来关键技术[J]. 深空探测学报(中英文), 2014, 1(1): 5-17WU Weiren, YU Dengyun. Development of deep space exploration and its future key technologies[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2014, 1(1): 5-17 [15] 郭华东, 丁翼星, 刘广. 月基对地观测研究现状与展望[J]. 深空探测学报(中英文), 2022, 9(3): 250-260GUO Huadong, DING Yixing, LIU Guang. Research status and prospect of moon-based earth observation: a review[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2022, 9(3): 250-260 [16] 裴照宇, 王琼. 国际月球科研站资源利用发展路线战略构想[J]. 宇航学报, 2024, 45(4): 625-637 doi: 10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2024.04.014PEI Zhaoyu, WANG Qiong. Strategic concept of resource utilization development route of the international lunar research station[J]. Journal of Astronautics, 2024, 45(4): 625-637 doi: 10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2024.04.014 [17] 裴照宇, 王琼, 姜生元, 等. 面向月球科研站的原位资源利用活动展望[J]. 前瞻科技, 2024, 3(1): 9-21PEI Zhaoyu, WANG Qiong, JIANG Shengyuan, et al. Development prospect of in-situ resource utilization activities in lunar research stations[J]. Science and Technology Foresinght, 2024, 3(1): 9-21 [18] NUNN C, GARCIA R F, NAKAMURA Y, et al. Lunar seismology: a data and instrumentation review[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2020, 216(5): 89 doi: 10.1007/s11214-020-00709-3 [19] 张金海, 林杨挺, 姚振兴. 月球内部圈层结构探测及关键技术挑战[J]. 中国科学基金, 2022, 36(6): 888-894ZHANG Jinhai, LIN Yangting, YAO Zhenxing. Detection of lunar interior structures and the challenge on its key technology[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2022, 36(6): 888-894 [20] 李雄耀. 月表热参数模型与月壤厚度的被动微波遥感理论分析[D]. 北京: 中国科学院地球化学研究所, 2006LI Xiongyao. Study on lunar-surface thermal parameter models and a theoretic analysis of lunar soil thickness exploration using passive microwave remote sensing[D]. Beijing: Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2006 [21] 李斐, 郑翀, 郝卫峰, 等. 月球重力场的确定与月面重力测量[J]. 中国科学基金, 2022, 36(6): 851-858LI Fei, ZHENG Chong, HAO Weifeng, et al. Gravity field of the moon and gravity survey on the lunar surface[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2022, 36(6): 851-858 [22] DU Aimin, GE Yasong, WANG Huapei, et al. Ground magnetic survey on Mars from the Zhurong rover[J]. Nature Astronomy, 2023, 7(9): 1037-1047 doi: 10.1038/s41550-023-02008-7 [23] 王赤, 张贤国, 徐欣锋, 等. 中国月球及深空空间环境探测[J]. 深空探测学报(中英文), 2019, 6(2): 105-118WANG Chi, ZHANG Xianguo, XU Xinfeng, et al. The lunar and deep space environment exploration in China[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2019, 6(2): 105-118 [24] 史全岐, 宗秋刚, 乐超, 等. 月球表面及空间环境对太阳风与地球风的响应[J]. 中国科学基金, 2022, 36(6): 871-879SHI Quanqi, ZONG Qiugang, LE Chao, et al. Response of the lunar space environment to solar wind and earth wind[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2022, 36(6): 871-879 [25] PALOS M F, SERRA P, FERERES S, et al. Lunar ISRU energy storage and electricity generation[J]. Acta Astronautica, 2020, 170: 412-420 doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.02.005 -
-
下载:
图(9)
计量
- 文章访问数: 511
- HTML全文浏览量: 119
- PDF下载量: 134
-
被引次数:
0(来源:Crossref)
0(来源:其他)
