基于卫星资料的青藏高原臭氧谷时空特征分析
doi: 10.11728/cjss2025.05.2024-0105 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2024-0105
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马湘君 女, 2001年4月出生于山东省烟台市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心硕士研究生, 主要从事基于卫星遥感的地球多圈层耦合机制研究. E-mail: maxiangjun23@mails.ucas.ac.cn -
许健 男, 1982年1月出生于江苏省无锡市, 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员, 博士生导师, 主要研究方向为地球与行星大气遥感. E-mail: xujian@nssc.ac.cn
作者简介:
通讯作者:
Spatio-temporal Characteristics Analysis of Ozone Valley on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Based on Satellite Data
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摘要: 青藏高原臭氧谷对全球气候具有重要影响, 为探索臭氧谷具体时空特征, 本文主要利用臭氧监测仪(OMI)和微波临边探测器(MLS)提供的2010－2023年青藏高原和同纬度地区臭氧总量日观测数据、对流层臭氧月均值数据和臭氧廓线数据, 对青藏高原上空臭氧低值中心的时空分布特征进行相应分析, 并简要讨论总结了该现象产生的可能原因. 研究结果表明, 青藏高原和全球同纬度地区相比, 夏季存在明显的臭氧低值现象; 青藏高原垂直方向臭氧低值主要发生在15～20 km范围内, 其中最低值对应高度为16.8 km, 大致位于对流层顶; 青藏高原内部臭氧低值现象存在明显的地域差异, 冬季南部和北部规律相反.Abstract: The ozone valley over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has a significant impact on global climate. To explore the specific temporal and spatial characteristics of the ozone valley, this study primarily utilizes daily total ozone columns, monthly average tropospheric ozone columns, and ozone profiles derived from OMI and MLS over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 2010 to 2023. The study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the ozone low-value center over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and briefly discusses the possible causes of this phenomenon. Additionally, we employ spatial interpolation and precision-controlled data screening to minimize uncertainties in satellite retrievals, ensuring robust conclusions. The results are indicated below. Compared to other regions at the same latitude globally, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau exhibits a distinct low-ozone phenomenon during the summer, with a maximum deficit of 36 DU, located in the northwestern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Notably, this seasonal anomaly extends to tropospheric ozone, where the plateau shows a deficit of 15 DU relative to regions at the same latitude globally. Vertically, there are multiple peaks of the ozone deficit over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer. The low ozone values over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are mainly concentrated within the 15～20 km range, with the lowest value corresponding to an altitude of 16.8 km, roughly at the tropopause. There are significant regional differences in the low-ozone phenomenon within the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, with opposite patterns observed between the southern and northern parts during the winter, where northern regions show ozone surpluses (+156.2 ppb) within the 15～20 km range, contrasting southern deficits. Based on the current study, future research will utilize high-resolution, multi-source data and relevant climate models to analyze further and validate the formation mechanisms of the ozone valley and its impacts on climate.
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图 1 青藏高原与全球同纬度地区臭氧总量月均值曲线(青藏高原区域: 25°N－40°N, 73°E－105°E)
Figure 1. Monthly average of total ozone on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau compared to the same latitude globally (Qinghai-Xizang Plateau: 25°N－40°N, 73°E－105°E)
图 2 2010－2023年夏季青藏高原与同纬度地区臭氧总量差值曲线
Figure 2. Curve of total ozone difference between the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and regions at the same latitude from 2010 to 2023 summer
图 3 2010－2023年青藏高原四季臭氧总量空间分布
Figure 3. Spatial distribution of total ozone in four seasons on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 2010 and 2023
图 4 2010－2023年青藏高原四季臭氧总量纬向偏差(3－5月均值代表春季, 6－8月均值代表夏季, 9－11月均值代表秋季, 12月至次年2月代表冬季)
Figure 4. Latitudinal deviation of total ozone in four seasons on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 2010 and 2023 (March-May averages represent spring, June-August averages represent summer, September-November averages represent autumn, and December-February represent winter)
图 5 2010－2020年青藏高原四季对流层臭氧空间分布
Figure 5. Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in four seasons on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 2010 and 2020
图 6 2010－2020年青藏高原四季对流层臭氧纬向偏差
Figure 6. Latitudinal deviation of tropospheric ozone in four seasons on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 2010 and 2020
图 7 2010－2023年不同季节同纬度地区与青藏高原上空臭氧差值垂直变化情况(青藏高原区域: 24°N－40°N, 72.5°E－102.5°E)
Figure 7. Vertical variation of ozone difference between the same latitude and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in different seasons between 2010 and 2023 (Qinghai-Xizang Plateau: 24°N－40°N, 72.5°E－102.5°E)
图 8 2010－2023年青藏高原上空对流层臭氧亏损峰值变化曲线
Figure 8. Variability of the peak tropospheric ozone deficit over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau between 2010 and 2023
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