太阳光球层小尺度涡流机器识别标准数据集
doi: 10.11728/cjss2025.06.2025-0087 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2025-0087
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谢权 男, 2002年8月出生于湖北省鄂州市, 现为中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院在读博士研究生, 主要研究方向为太阳小尺度涡流识别、数据分析以及检测方法改进. E-mail: xq30@mail.ustc.edu.cn -
刘佳佳 男, 1988年12月出生于安徽省淮北市, 现为中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院教授, 主要研究方向为太阳多尺度爆发活动的原理及其空间天气和行星环境效应. E-mail: jiajialiu@ustc.edu.cn
作者简介:
通讯作者:
Standard Dataset for Machine Detection of Small-scale Swirls in the Solar Photosphere
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摘要: 位于宁静区的小尺度光球涡流通常被认为是米粒等离子体流动自然形成的, 并且其可能在向太阳高层大气输送能量的过程中发挥关键作用. 然而通过人为识别获取到的小尺度涡流参数存在很大的局限性和误差, 可能会导致对小尺度涡流总数的低估. SST (Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope) 和 Hinode/SOT (Solar Optical Telescope) 望远镜对太阳光球层实现高时空分辨率、高质量的观测, 给光球层小尺度涡流的研究提供了充足的数据支持. 研究改进了太阳小尺度涡流机器识别及关键参数提取算法并形成了相应工具软件.本数据集包含2007年SOT望远镜观测的一块宁静区光球层区域(像元大小为39.2 km, 时间间隔约为6.4 s), 以及2012年SST望远镜观测的一块宁静区光球层区域(像元大小为43.6 km, 时间间隔为8.25 s). 本数据集可在涡流相关特性在太阳不同区域、太阳活动周不同阶段的分布以及形成机制等研究中发挥重要作用.Abstract: Small-scale photospheric swirls in the photospheric quiet region are widely believed to form as a natural consequence to granular flows, and they may play a key role in transporting energy to the solar upper atmosphere. However, there are significant limitations and biases associated with the manual detection of these small-scale swirls, which may lead to an underestimation of their total number. The Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope (SST) and Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) onboard Hinode spacecraft provide high-resolution and high-quality observations of the solar photosphere, offering sufficient data support for the study of small-scale swirls. The machine recognition of small-scale solar vortices and the extraction algorithm of key parameters was been improved, and the corresponding tool was formed. This dataset includes observations from the SOT telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2007, with a pixel scale of 39.2 km and a cadence of approximately 6.4 s, as well as observations from the SST telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2012, with a pixel scale of 43.6 km and a cadence of 8.25 s. This dataset plays an important role in research on the distribution of photospheric swirls in different solar regions and at different phrases of the solar cycle, as well as their formation mechanisms.
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Key words:
- Solar photosphere /
- Small-scale swirls /
- Machine detection /
- SST /
- SOT
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图 4 数据集涡流位置分布样例. 图像中心对应于太阳日面位置xc=5.3″, yc=4.1″. 整个视场区域对应日面区域x =[–22.7″, 33.3″], y =[–9.9″, 15.1″]
Figure 4. Example showing the distribution of vortex positions. The image center is located at (xc=5.3″, yc=4.1″) on the solar disk, and the field of view covers the region x=[–22.7″, 33.3″], y =[–9.9″, 15.1″]
图 6 数据集速度场文件velocity.npz样例
Figure 6. Example of the dataset velocity field file velocity.npz
图 7 数据集涡流信息文件vortex.npz样例
Figure 7. Example of the dataset vortex information file vortex.npz
表 数据集基本信息
数据集名称 太阳光球层小尺度涡流机器识别标准数据集 数据通信作者 刘佳佳 (jiajialiu@ustc.edu.cn) 数据作者 谢权, 刘佳佳 数据时间范围 2007年3月5日, 2012年6月21日 地理区域 SOT: 太空望远镜, 搭载在Hinode卫星上. SST: 地面望远镜, 西班牙加那利群岛拉帕尔马岛洛斯穆查乔斯山天文台 (28.45ºN, 17.52ºW) 空间分辨率 像元大小的两倍: 78.4 km (SOT), 87.2 km (SST) 数据量 18.0 GByte 数据格式 *.sav, *.npz, *.png, *.txt 数据库(集)访问网址 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12176/01.01.00115-V01
CSTR: https://cstr.cn/14804.11.01.01.00115-V01基金项目 国家重点研发计划项目 (2022 YFF0711402) 数据集组成 数据集共包括11628个数据文件, 其中SOT文件夹为SOT数据, 包含2007年1514帧太阳光球层水平速度场数据, 以及对应机器识别的涡流信息, 数据量12.4 GByte, SST文件夹为SST数据, 包含2012年424帧太阳光球层水平速度场数据及对应机器识别的涡流信息, 数据量5.6 GByte 
下载: 导出CSV
Table . Dataset profile
Title Standard Dataset for Machine Detection of Small-Scale Photospheric Swirls Data Corresponding Author LIU Jiajia (jiajialiu@ustc.edu.cn) Data Authors XIE Quan, LIU Jiajia Time Range 5 March 2007, 21 June 2012 Geographical Scope SOT is a space-based instrument onboard the Hinode spacecraft; while SST is a ground-based instrument located at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain (28.45ºN, 17.52ºW) Spatial Resolution Twice of the pixel sizes: 78.4 km (SOT), 87.2 km (SST) Data Volume 18.0 GByte Data Format *.sav, *.npz, *.png, *.txt Database/Dataset URL DOI: https://doi.org/10.12176/01.01.00115-V01
CSTR: https://cstr.cn/14804.11.01.01.00115-V01Foundation Item National Key R&D Program of China (2022 YFF0711402) Dataset Composition The dataset contains a total of 11628 data files, including:
The SOT folder, which contains 1514 frames of SOT photospheric
horizontal velocity fields in 2007 and the corresponding machine-detected swirl information, with a total data volume of 12.4 GByte
The SST folder, which contains 424 frames of SST photospheric horizontal velocity fields in 2012 and the corresponding machine-detected swirl information, with a total data volume of 5.6 GByte
下载: 导出CSV
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