Constellation Design for Geosynchronous Belt Surveillance System Based on the SBV Sensor

The constellation configuration of the surveillance system was analyzed and designed, under the background of monitoring the entire geosynchronous belt using the Space-Based Visible (SBV) sensor. Firstly, the optimal observation model was extracted based on summarizing the merits and weak points of the three observation models. Secondly, relationship between the orbit altitude of the surveillance satellite and parameters of the search fence was deduced, and the numeric area of orbit altitude was derived. Thirdly, the principle of distribution of optimal observation period and imaging time for SBV sensor were extracted, based on analyzing the influence factors. Finally, the principle of selection for the satellite number of surveillance system and the size of the search fence, and the numeric area of orbit altitude of two-satellite surveillance system which satisfied the requirement of regressive orbit characteristic were extracted, based on analyzing the percentage of coverage and observational frequency for the single-satellite and two-satellite surveillance system. The results indicate that the ability of coverage for geosynchronous object which has a large inclination is improved when the surveillance satellite crossing the celestial pole and using pinch points observation model. The orbit of surveillance satellite is sun-synchronous circle orbit which local time of descending node at 06:00LT or 18:00LT, altitude from 615km to 850km, and around this range there are 6 piece regressive orbits.