The method of nucleation and solidification of deep subcooled samples in electrostatic levitation is of great importance for materials science research and materials preparation. In this paper, we propose an experimental study of triggered nucleation and measurement of materials under deep subcooling based on the local temperature gradient field of laser pulses. The local temperature gradient field generated by laser pulses increases the free energy difference between solid and liquid phases, thus obtaining the driving force of solid-liquid phase transition and moving the crystal from the equilibrium state of the parent melt to the equilibrium state of the crystal to achieve deep subcooling laser pulse-triggered nucleation. The effects of different heating laser beam spot diameters with the power of 9W, a power density of 2.86×10⁸W/m² and 1.146×10⁷W/m² on the temperature gradient field were investigated by finite element simulation to obtain the results of the local temperature gradient field distribution of the molten sample with different laser beam spot diameters. In the experiments, 2 mm diameter zirconium material samples were used to study the variation of the triggered nucleation time scale for different laser pulse widths and subcooling degrees of the molten material samples at smaller laser beam spot diameters. Based on the classical nucleation theory, the relationship between the time required to move from the equilibrium state of the parent melt to the equilibrium state of the crystal was obtained by statistical analysis of data from 16 groups of 20 spontaneous nucleation per group at different subcooling degrees. The experimental results show that the time required for nucleation solidification of zirconium samples at a low subcooling of 195±3K is 4 times lower than that required for spontaneous nucleation, which verifies that the local temperature gradient field generated by the laser pulse effectively shortens the time required for deep subcooling-triggered nucleation. The local temperature gradient field generated by the laser pulses effectively shortened the nucleation crystallization time.