Comparative analysis of synchronous observations of large-scale moving atmospheric disturbances and large-scale moving ionospheric disturbances

The observation advantage of using CHAMP satellite to simultaneously observe atmospheric mass density and electron density over a large span is reported in this paper. On March 19, 2002, a long-distance propagation event of Large Scale Traveling Atmospheric Disturbances (LSTAD) and Large Scale Ionizing Traveling Disturbances (LSTID) was reported. With a sudden increase in AE index at around 0400 UT, the CHAMP satellite immediately observed LSTAD and LSTID propagating together in the northern hemisphere. In the following approximately 6 hours, these neutral/ionization density disturbances continued to propagate southward, crossing the equator and entering the southern hemisphere, ultimately disappearing near the polar regions of the southern hemisphere. On the other hand, the observation results of ground-based GNSS station chains confirm the existence of LSTID observed by satellites. Comparative analysis shows that LSTADs and LSTIDs excited by the same driving source exhibit significant differences in phase velocities propagating along the meridional direction, resulting in their disturbance phases on the same orbit often not corresponding one-to-one.